Auto Repair Work Order Requirements by State
Seven states legally regulate the auto repair work order or estimate: California, Connecticut, Florida, Illinois, Minnesota, New York and Washington. Each requires the customer’s authorization before work begins, and most set a dollar threshold and a cap on how far the final bill may exceed the estimate. Below: each state’s exact legal reference, regulator, required content, and verification date.
All entries verified 2026-09-18 against the official state source linked in each row. California re-verified the same day against the BAR guide.
The seven states at a glance
| State | Regulator | Legal reference | When the written document is required | Max overage without new authorization | Verified |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| California | Bureau of Automotive Repair (BAR) | BPC § 9884.7(a)(2) CCR § 3352(b) |
Estimate required for repairs; the work order must carry the authorized estimate, the requested and authorized repairs, and the odometer reading. | None — additional work requires fresh authorization (CCR §§ 3353, 3353.1) | 2026-09-18 |
| Connecticut | CT DMV (repairer licensing); CT Attorney General consumer page | C.G.S. § 14-65f | Written authorization on an invoice signed by the customer, with a written estimate of the maximum cost of parts and labor, before any repair work; under $50 exempt unless the customer requests an estimate. | None — no charge above the estimate without oral or written consent | 2026-09-18 |
| Florida | Florida Dept. of Agriculture and Consumer Services (FDACS) | § 559.905, Fla. Stat. |
Written repair estimate, with 14 enumerated items, when the cost will exceed $150, before any diagnostic work or repair — unless the customer waives in writing. | $10 or 10%, whichever is greater — approval required beyond that (FDACS) | 2026-09-18 |
| Illinois | Illinois Attorney General | 815 ILCS 306/15 | Specific authorization after disclosures for any work over $100; the shop gives a written estimated price or a firm written price limit. | 10% — more requires oral or written consent (§ 306/15(b)) | 2026-09-18 |
| Minnesota | Minnesota Attorney General | Minn. Stat. §§ 325F.56–325F.66 | Written estimate on the customer’s request, before repairs begin (repairs over $100 on personal, family or household vehicles). | 10% — charges capped at 110% of the estimate (§ 325F.58 subd. 6) | 2026-09-18 |
| New York | NYS Department of Motor Vehicles | VAT § 398-d 15 NYCRR Part 82 |
Written estimate when the customer requests one; a shop-prepared written work order must be copied to the customer; oral authorization is noted on the invoice. | None — no charge above the estimate without the customer’s consent (§ 398-d(2)) | 2026-09-18 |
| Washington | WA Dept. of Revenue (notifies facilities); AG enforcement via Consumer Protection Act | RCW 46.71.025 | Written price estimate of the total cost before parts or labor are provided, unless waived or no face-to-face contact; a customer-rights sign must be posted (RCW 46.71.031). | 10% — capped at 110% of the estimate, exclusive of sales tax | 2026-09-18 |
State by state — what the document must contain
- The work order must contain the authorized estimate for a specific job, the repairs requested and authorized by the customer, and the vehicle’s odometer reading (BPC § 9884.7(a)(2), CCR § 3352(b)).
- Authorization is obtained and recorded before any repair begins — written (signature and date), or oral/electronic with date, time, name and the phone number or email used (BPC § 9884.7(a)(3), CCR § 3353.1).
- Any additional work beyond the authorized estimate requires new authorization, documented on the work order (CCR §§ 3353, 3353.1).
- Estimates, work orders and invoices are kept at least three years, with a unique identifier per transaction (BPC § 9884.11, CCR § 3358).
Source: BAR — Write It Right (bar.ca.gov/wir)
- Before any repair work, the shop must obtain a written authorization on an invoice signed by the customer, including a written estimate of the maximum cost of parts and labor for the specific job (C.G.S. § 14-65f(a)(1)).
- No charge above the estimate without the customer’s oral or written consent, recorded on the invoice; the same applies to newly discovered repairs (§ 14-65f(a)(1), (c)).
- The authorization includes a written acknowledgment that the customer knows their right to choose the licensed repair shop (§ 14-65f(a)(2)).
- Under $50 total, the advance written estimate is not required unless the customer requests it; violation of the section is an infraction (§ 14-65f(f), (g)).
Sources: CT Attorney General — Automobile Repair in Connecticut · statutory text via CT General Assembly, Public Act 13-271
- A written repair estimate is required when the cost will exceed $150 — raised from $100 by Laws 2024, ch. 2024-137 — before any diagnostic work or repair (§ 559.905(1), Fla. Stat.).
- The estimate must carry 14 items: shop and customer names, addresses and phones; date and time; year, make, model, odometer and tag; proposed completion date; problem description; flat-rate or hourly statement; estimated cost including shop-supplies and waste charges with a mandated disclosure; the estimate fee; payment method; optional alternate authorizer; guarantee statement; replaced-parts statement; daily storage charge (§ 559.905(1)(a)–(n)).
- The customer signs a disclosure election — request estimate, set a not-to-exceed amount, or waive — in capital letters of at least 12-point type (§ 559.905(2)).
- Approval is required before the bill exceeds the estimate by more than $10 or 10 percent, whichever is greater (FDACS consumer guidance; § 559.909).
Sources: § 559.905, Fla. Stat. (Online Sunshine) · FDACS — Motor Vehicle Repair
- No work for compensation over $100 may start without specific authorization after the required disclosures; the shop gives a written estimated price for labor and parts, or a firm written price limit (815 ILCS 306/15(a)–(b)).
- Charges above the estimate by more than 10% require oral or written consent (§ 306/15(b)).
- Estimate contents: major parts and whether new or used; the labor-cost calculation method (flat-rate manual, actual time, or vehicle condition); whether repairs are required or suggested; disassembly/reassembly charges; the date, the odometer reading, and a promised delivery date (§ 306/15(b)(1)–(5)).
- If consent is oral, the shop notes the date, time, name of the person authorizing and the phone number on the work order or estimate and on the invoice (§ 306/25).
- Estimates and invoices are kept two years, available to the Attorney General (§ 306/65).
Sources: 815 ILCS 306/20 (ilga.gov) · 815 ILCS 306/15 · 815 ILCS 306/65
- On the customer’s request, a written estimate must be provided before repairs commence (§ 325F.58 subd. 1). The Act covers repairs over $100 on vehicles used primarily for personal, family or household purposes (§ 325F.56 subd. 2).
- Estimate contents: shop name and address; the problem as described by the customer; parts with reasonable particularity and their condition — new, used, rebuilt, reconditioned — including whether new parts are original equipment; labor charges; tax; delivery and other charges; and the total estimated price (§ 325F.56 subd. 8).
- Charges are capped at 110% of the estimate; beyond that, a revised written estimate and authorization are required (§ 325F.58 subd. 6).
- Oral communication of the estimate contents is permitted if the writing is provided on completion and the shop notes the date, time, phone number and name of the person authorizing (§ 325F.58 subd. 7).
- Violations are enforced under the Attorney General’s consumer-protection authority (§ 325F.63 subd. 3, applying § 8.31).
Sources: Minn. Stat. § 325F.56 · § 325F.58 · MN Attorney General — Truth in Repairs (revisor.mn.gov, ag.state.mn.us)
- On the customer’s request, the shop must give a written estimate and may not charge more than it without permission (VAT § 398-d(2)).
- Estimate contents: customer name; shop name and facility number; date; parts necessary with the cost of each, flagging used or non-original-quality parts; the labor charge for each repair with costs and the calculation method; year and make of vehicle; plate or VIN; the problem as reported by the customer; and a statement of the right to receive replaced parts on written request. Body parts must be classified as new OEM, new aftermarket, or used (§ 398-d(2); 15 NYCRR Part 82).
- No service without customer authorization; a shop-prepared written work order must be copied to the customer; oral or telephone authorization is recorded on the invoice with date, time and name (VAT § 398-d; DMV consumer guidance).
- The invoice must describe all work done and parts supplied, and state when used parts or mixed new/used component systems are supplied (§ 398-d(1)).
- Estimates, work orders and invoices are kept two years for DMV inspection (15 NYCRR § 82.9).
Sources: NY DMV — Know Your Rights in Auto Repair · NY DMV, Motor Vehicle Repair Shop Regulations (CR-82, Part 82) · VAT § 398-D (nysenate.gov)
- Before providing parts or labor, the facility must give a written price estimate of the total cost — or offer the statutory alternatives, including a waiver (RCW 46.71.025(1)).
- Charges may not exceed 110% of the estimate, exclusive of retail sales tax, without oral or written authorization (RCW 46.71.025(2)).
- Oral authorization must be noted on the estimate: date, time, additional parts and labor with estimated cost, the employee who obtained it, and the name and telephone number of the person authorizing (RCW 46.71.025(2)–(3)).
- A prescribed “YOUR CUSTOMER RIGHTS” sign must be posted on the premises (RCW 46.71.031); violations are enforceable under the Consumer Protection Act (RCW 46.71.070).
Source: Chapter 46.71 RCW — Automotive Repair (app.leg.wa.gov)
Patterns across the seven states
Read side by side, the seven statutes converge on the same five controls, which is why a work order for auto repair should never be a blank sheet:
- Authorization before work. Every state requires the customer’s authorization before repairs begin — California, Connecticut, Florida, Illinois and Washington make the paperwork itself part of the obligation, while New York and Minnesota trigger the estimate on request but still forbid unauthorized work.
- A price the customer can hold the shop to. Each state turns the estimate into a ceiling: no overage at all without fresh consent in California, Connecticut and New York; about 10% in Illinois, Minnesota and Washington; the greater of $10 or 10% in Florida.
- Itemized parts, with condition. California, Illinois, Minnesota and New York all require parts to be described and flagged as new, used, rebuilt or non-original.
- Documented oral authorizations. Where phone approval is allowed, the statute prescribes what must be written down — date, time, name, and usually the number called — and where (estimate, work order or invoice).
- Retention. California requires three years of records (BPC § 9884.11); New York and Illinois require two (15 NYCRR § 82.9; 815 ILCS 306/65). The signed work order is the shop’s defense in a dispute, in every state.
Frequently asked questions
Which states regulate the auto repair work order?
Seven states have statutes that regulate the auto repair work order, estimate or written authorization, verified against official state sources: California (BPC § 9884.7, CCR § 3352), Connecticut (C.G.S. § 14-65f), Florida (§ 559.905, Fla. Stat.), Illinois (815 ILCS 306/15), Minnesota (Minn. Stat. §§ 325F.56–325F.66), New York (VAT § 398-d, 15 NYCRR Part 82) and Washington (RCW 46.71.025). This list is not claimed to be exhaustive; it reflects what was verified at official sources on September 18, 2026.
Can a repair shop charge more than the written estimate?
It depends on the state. California, Connecticut and New York allow no charge above the estimate without the customer’s consent. Illinois, Minnesota and Washington cap the final bill at 110% of the estimate. Florida requires customer approval before the bill exceeds the estimate by more than $10 or 10 percent, whichever is greater, per FDACS consumer guidance. Above those limits, fresh authorization is required.
Is verbal authorization to repair a car legal?
Yes, in all seven states a verbal authorization can be valid, but it must be documented. The details differ: California records date, time, name and the phone number or email used (CCR § 3353.1); Illinois requires a notation on the work order or estimate and the invoice (815 ILCS 306/25); Minnesota requires date, time and phone number on the writing (§ 325F.58 subd. 7); Washington requires date, time, employee and person authorizing on the estimate (RCW 46.71.025); New York requires date, time and name on the invoice (VAT § 398-d; 15 NYCRR Part 82).
Does New York require a written estimate for every repair?
No. In New York the shop must give a written estimate only when the customer requests one (VAT § 398-d(2)). The estimate must then list parts with costs, flag used or non-original-quality parts, show labor charges and the calculation method, give the year and make, the plate or VIN, the reported problem, and a replaced-parts statement. No repair may be performed without the customer’s authorization, and a shop-prepared written work order must be copied to the customer.
What must a Florida written repair estimate include?
Section 559.905(1), Florida Statutes, requires 14 items: shop and customer names, addresses and phones; date and time; year, make, model, odometer and license tag; proposed completion date; description of the problem; flat-rate or hourly statement; estimated cost including shop-supplies and waste-removal charges with a mandated disclosure; the estimate fee; payment method; an optional alternate authorizer; the guarantee statement; a replaced-parts statement; and the daily storage charge. The customer also signs a disclosure election in capital letters (§ 559.905(2)).
How current is the information on this page?
Every entry was verified on September 18, 2026 against the official state source linked in its row — state legislature sites (ilga.gov, revisor.mn.gov, leg.state.fl.us, app.leg.wa.gov, nysenate.gov, cga.ct.gov) and state agency pages (bar.ca.gov, dmv.ny.gov, fdacs.gov, portal.ct.gov). Laws change; follow the official link before relying on any threshold.
The tool behind this reference
This site publishes free, fill-in work order templates. For California automotive repair dealers there is a dedicated California auto repair work order template built on the BAR elements listed above. For all other trades, the generic work order template follows common field service practice — check your own state’s rules before using it for auto repair.